Grinding machine



Jan. 4 1927.

. 1,612,830 c. G. oLsoN GRINDING MAGHI'NE I Filed August 14, 1922 sheets-sheet 2 19 Jan' 4 27 I c. G. oLsoN GRINDING MAGHINB Filed August 14. 1922 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 lll @mmm i jam Z 67".'

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C. G. OLSON GRINDING MACHINE Filed August 14, 1922 l a sheets-sheet ys,

Jan. 4, 1927.

C. G. OLSON GRINDING MACHINE 8 sheets-sheet Filed August 14, 1922 11:" fail Jaim 4 ,'1927.

c. G. oLsoN GRINDING MACHINE Filed August 14, 1922- 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 4 n h l l l n l l n n n n l l l l x un Patented Jan. 4, 1927.

' UNITED STATES PMENT` ori-Ica CARL G. OLSON,

OEICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

eninnrnouacnmn.

Application illed August 14, 1922. Serial No. 581,590.

My invention relates to grinding machines, particularly for grinding or truing the teeth of gear wheels, and the object of the invention is to produce' a practical and comprel hensive machine capable of truing gears by means of an abrasive helicoid. This general object is accomplished by employing various novel mechanical expedients, and by constructing and grouping the elements in a manner which will be explained in detail as the description proceeds. In other words, I have produced a new organization in which various new elements and combinations of elements have been made to cooperate to accomplish the general purpose in hand. In addltion to the action as a grinder, itis my purpose to produce mechanism by which the abrasive helicoid may be trued without removin it from the machine. I accomplish my objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of the complete machine.

Figure 2 is'an end elevation looking tou ward the left in Figure 1.

Figure 3is an enlarged plan view of the grinding wheel and associated parts.

Figure 4 is a sectionall elevation' on the line 4-4, Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a sectional elevation on the line 5 5, Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a plan section taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 2. *I

Figure 7 is a developed sectional 'elevation taken on the irregular line 7--7 Figure 5.

Figure 8 is a sectional detail taken on the line 8--8 Figure ,3. This shows the. yieldable tail stock.

Figure 9 is a detail view looking obliquely downward toward the right as indicated by the arrow at 9, Figure 2. Certain parts are broken away to reveal-the internal construction.

Figure 10 is a sectional view on the line 10-10, Figure 7. This deals with the clutch comprising part of the feed screw connection.

Figure 11 is a sectional View of the clutch on the line 11-11, Figure 10.

Like numerals denote like parts throughout the several views.

'lhe grinding wheel 1 is in the form of'an abrasive helicoid and is vsecured to a hub 2 it becomes keyed or otherwise fastened to the grinder splndle 4. For reasons presently to be expla-ined the spindle stands in tion with reference to the licor, as best illustrated-inv Figures 2 and 4. It is journaled in a bushing 6 mounted in the main frame 8 of the machine and dust is excluded from the bearing by means of a cap 10.. The bearing is further protected by means of a trap shown in detail in the upper ortion of Figure 4. The hub 2 is made cham ered and a flange 12 which is bolted or otherwise secured to the main frame projects up into the bodyof the hub. The trap has an annular base portion 14 and at the flanged oblique posiperiphery ofsaid base portion a cylindrical guard 16 is formed which rises to a point considerably above the upper surface of the grinding wheel. At one portion said guard has a gap 18 through which the grinding wheel projects to enable it to reach the gear 20, which constitutes the work. Thus it may be considered that the grinding helicoid and its support-ing hub are telescopically mounted in an annular well or housing. The arrangement is illustrated in Figures 1, 3 and elsewhere.

The grinder spindle 4, previously mentioned, is supported at the foot by a step bearing illustrated in section in Figure 4.

The lower end of the spindle is hollowed and contains a wearing pin 21 of hard metal which rests upon aball 22. Beneath the ball is a wearing plate 24 which rests u on the top of a post 26 which projects up"1nto the chambered lower end of the spindle. The result of the oblique mounting of the grinder spindle is thatthe weight and thrust are divided among.' the separate and different kinds of bearings and hence the amount of wear is minimized and the machine remains true for a long period.

At the lower end the post 26 has an integral adjusting screw 28 which works in an internally threaded bushing or nut 30 supported in a stationary bracket `32 which forms a part of the main frame 8. By rotating this adjusting screw in the bushing the spindle may be raised or lowered in its bearing 6. By thus making it possible 'to longitudinally adjust the grinder spindle,

possible to Abring different ortions of the abrasive thread on the grin 'ng wheel into the field of action. Conse uently,if a wide face grinding wheel is emp o ed, that is, one having an extra long threa it may be made to last a. long time without redressing.

The set screw 28 has an integral flange 34 which is countersunk in an indexing disc 36. The two are rigidly held together by studs 38. The indexingdisc is notched at its periphery for engagement with a stationary detent 40 shown near the bottom of Figure 1. This detent is transversely slotted to accommodate binding screws 42 which screw into the main frame 8. It will be evident that the disc and adjusting screw may be fixed in any desired angular position by means of the detent 40.

At cert'aintimes it is desirable to have the grinder spindle 4 and adjusting screw 28 rotate in unison. For this purpose I have provided a flanged sleeve 48 which is rigidly secured to the spindle and is apertured to receive a locking pin 44 shown in dotted lines near the lower end of Figure 4. It will be understood that during the normal operation of the machine. that is, when the grinder is acting upon the work 20, said locking pin will be absent.` The lead of the screw 28 is the same as the lead of the helical thread on the grinder 1"; and consequently when the grinder spindle and screw rotate in unison the grinder shaft will have a longitudinal movement corresponding to the lead of the thread onthe grinder. This makes it possible t0 employ the truing de` vices which are mounted upon the machine, and will be hereinafter described. It will thus be evident that screw 28 performs the dual function of an adjusting screw or a resetting screw at times, and the function of a lead screw or master screw at other times. Itv performs the function of a lead screw at the time when it rotates in unison with the grinder spindle for the purpose of dressing thel grinder.

The grinder spindle 4 is rotated by means of a bevel gear 46 which encircles and is rigidly secured to a sleeve 48, which is splined to the spindle. Said sleeve bears in la sleeve 50. which is mounted in the main frame 8. Bevel gear 46 is driven by means of a bevel gear 52. Bevel gear 52 is rigidly fastened to a shaft 54 best illustrated in Figure 7. Said shaft is supported in twoV stationary bearings 56 and during normal operation is driven by a pulley 58 which is eyed or otherwise rigidly secured toit. Said pulley isy driven by means of a belt 60 or other suitable source of power. On certain occasions said shaft is driven by a wormlwheel 62 which is engaged by a worm 64 secured to a shaft 66 journaled in a cylindrical housing 68. This forms part of what may be termed the transmission. At its lower end said shaft has a worm wheel which is engaged by a worm 72 securedto the shaft 74 of an electric motor 76 or other source of power. These parts are clearly shown in Figures 5 and 7. Worm 72 is enclosed in a, housing 78 which is cylindrical and is integral with the housing 68. Housing 78 is adapted to rock in a bracket 80 mounted upon a stationary platform 82 which also carries the motor. .The purpose in having the housing 78 rockable is to make it possible to swing the worm 64 into and out of engagement with the worm wheel 62. This movement of the worm is accomplished by control mechanism, a portion of which is shown in Figure 5. A pin 84 is carried by housing 68 and forms. a point of pivotal connection to a link 86. Said link is connected by a pin 88 to a crank 90 which is shown in full lines at the left side of Figure 6. Said crank is rigidl secured to a rock shaft 92 enclosed in a housing 94 and operated by means of a handle 96 which is rigidly secured to shaft 92. Thus by operating the handle the worm 64 may be thrown into `and out of engagement with the worm wheel 62.

I will now describe the mechanism which drives the work spindle 98 on which the work 20 is mounted. Refer particularly to Figure 7. Rigidly secured to shaft 54 is a pinion 100 which meshes with a gear wheel 102 mounted upon a stationary shaft 104.

Rigidly connected to gear wheel 102 is af gear wheel 106 which meshes with a gear wheel 108 rigidly fastened to a shaft 110. This shaft is journaled in two sleeves 112 which are mounted in the main frame 8. Said shaft is encircled by a hollow cylindrical elongated pinion 114 which meshes with and drives a gear wheel 116 keyed or otherwise rigidly secured to shaft 118. This drives the work spindle 98 in the manner hereinafter explained.v In order to produce angular adjustment of pinion 114 lupon shaft 100, said pinion has an oblique slot 120 in which works a pin 122 which projects laterally from a plunger 124, which slides within a suitable counterbore in shaft 110. Shaft 110 has a slot 126 which is oblique to the shaft and also oblique to slot 120. Pin 122 projects through both of these slots and it will be evident that by moving pin 122 in one direction or the other lengthwise of shaft 110 the angular position of pinion 114 on said shaft will be varied. A similar slotted pin construction is duplicated on the opposite side of the shaft as will be apparent from an examination of Figure 6. A helical compression spring 128 is mounted within shaft 110 and exerts a constant outwardpressure on shaft 124 which is controlled by means of an adjusting screw 130 which screws in a threaded plate 132 secured to the main frame 8. An anti-friction ball 134 is interposed between the inner ends of said screw 130 and the outer end of lll) plunger( 124. A lock nut 136 is provided for` v1,08. This adjusts the work angularly and makes it possible to .bring the teeth on the work into correct cooperative relation with the abrasive thread on the grinding. wheel.

Shaft 118, previously mentioned, is both rotatable and slidable in a rocking frame 139 and has a taper socket 140 which receives a taper pin 142, the latter constituting a center for supporting the work sptndle 98. Shaft- 118 therefore constitutes a rotatable and slidable chuck. A collapsible dust guard 144 surrounds the bearing and excludes dust therefrom. This is shown4 in section in Figure 7.

The longitudinal movement of shaft 118 is produced -by a feed screw and clutch which is shown in section at the upper left corner of Figure 7, and also in Figures 10 and 11. An internally threaded nut 146 is rotatable but longitudinally fixed in the rockin frame 139. Within this nut works the fee screw 148 which is hollow and slidingly supports a clutch pin 150. At its inner end said pin has a block 152 adapted to enter a socket 154 in the outer end of shaft 115. `By moving the pin to acting position shown in Figure 7 thefeed screw and shaft will rotate. in unison and the shaft and work will be fed in an axial direction. By pulling outward on the pin the block 152 will be withdrawn from the socket and the shaft 118 may rotate independently of the feed screw. Nut 146 is stationary in the normal operation of the machine, that is when the shaft 118 is feeding forward. The shaft may be returned to the initial positionshown in Figure 7 by means of a pulley 156 which is rigidly fastened to nut 146. A belt 158 drives pulley 156 and is driven by a pulley 160 fastened to the motor shaft 74.' v

Now to refer to the tail stock which supports the opposite end of the work spindle 98. This mechanism is shown in section in Figure 8, and is so constructed as to permit the longitudinal feeding ofthe work spindle. A center 162 supportsthe end of the spindler and is yieldingly pressed toward it by a helical compression spring 164, which is backed up by a plate 166 adjustably carried on rods 168. By preference the center is chambered to receive the forward end of the spring. Saidcenter is slidingly mountedV in a sleeve 170 secured to an enclosing sleeve 172 ada ted to be clamped in the split-bearing 1 4. A dust cap 176 is Secured to center 162 and telescopically entersan annular recess 108 in sleeves 170, 172. Thus I have provided a yielding tail stock and a dust guard protecting the sliding center 162.

Shaft 118 is, as previously Stated, mounted in a. rocking frame 139, the purpose being to adjust the work bodily toward and from the grinding wheel. The mounting and means for controlling said frame are best illustrated in Figures 5 and 7. Said frame is irregular in form as shown in Figure 7 but has a semi-circular portion for housng the lower half of gear 116. The frame is mounted upon sleeves 112 which are adapted to oscillate in the main frame `,8. The angular position of the frame is controlledby a tink 1.78 which is pvotally connected at one end to the frame and at the other end to a block 180 slidably mounted on the lnain frame so as to move in a direction obli ue to the horizon as shown in- Figure 5. he position of this block on the frame is controlled by an adjusting screw 182 controlled by a hand wheel 184. Said screw has a` rotatable but non-shiftable bearing in the block 186 mounted on the main frame. Thus it will be evident that by properly manipulating the hand wheel 184 the shaft 118 and work arbor 98 vmay move the work 20 bodily toward and from the grinding wheel.

I will now describe the mechanism provided 'for truing the grinding wheel. Referrin'r *o Figure 9 it will be observed that two spindles y188 are rotatably mounted in sleeves 193 clamped in bearings 192. Each is provided with a disc 194 provided with a grinding point 196. These operate upon the principle setv forth in mv copending application filed October 31, 1921. Serial No. 511,795. The split bearing or clamp 192 is mounted upon a bar 198 which has a stud 20() projectfor ing from it and adapte-Lto be clamped in the lsplit bearing 202, the latter being mounted sition of carriage 210 is controlled by hand wheel 214 and the position of cross carriage 212 upon the main frame .isy controllcd'by hand wheel 216. These parts are shown, for example` in Figures 2 and 3. The spindles 188 are rotated bv sheaves 218 driven vby belts 220. These belts pass over idler sheaves 222 which-are mounted on a bar'224 carried b v a bracket 226. Said bracket is secured to a bracket- 228 which'supports the tail stock and is fastened -to rocking frame 139 The belts 220 are driven by sheaves 230 shown at the bottom of Figures 1, 2 and elsewhere. Said driving sheaves are driven bv the motor shaft 74 previously mentioned. As the bar 198 occupies a fixed position under ordinary conditions and the idlers 222 rest.

are mounted so as to rock in unison with the rocking frame 139, it follows from the construction best illustrated in Figure 2 that the rocking movement of the frame 139 will cause sheave 222 to tighten or loosen the belts 220. The arrangement is such that the belts become tight and drive the truing wheels or dressing points 196 when the work arbor 98 is swung away from the grinding wheel 1. In other words, t e same movement that moves the work away from the grinding wheel tightens the belt so that the dressing points will commence to operate. Consequently.tl1e rocking frame 139 may be regarded, among other things, as a belt tightener.

Operation: Let it be assumed that the parts are adjusted to the relativeposition shown in Figure 4 with the grinding wheel 1 in engagement with the work 20. As mentioned, the grinding wheel is an abrasive helicoid whose function is to grind the teeth of the gear wheel 20, operating somewhat after the manner of a hub, but grinding fthe surface of the teeth rather than generating them. At the same time that the grinding wheel is rotated by the spindle 4, the work arbor 98 and shaft 118 will feed the work in an axial direction. The gear wheel 116, being in mesh with the wide-face pinion 114, will at the same time rotate the work about its axis to enable the teeth to present themselves successively to the action of the grinding helicoid. y This is the normal operation of the machine. lVhen the grinding action has been completed and it is desired to return the work arbor 98 and shaft 118 axially to the initial position the grinder spindle is brought to rest by stoppingthe belt 60, thus bringing the main drive shaft 54 to The motor 76 is then started, which causes pulley 156 to rotate the feed nut 146 in a direction to retract the feed screw 148 and move it toward the leftl of Figure 7."

This action is continued until the worlr arbor has beenreturned to initial position. This constitutes the normal return movement ot' the work arbor.

lf, now, it is desired to true or dress the helicoid on the grinding wheel the feed screw 148 is thrown out of action by withdrawing clutch pinV 150. The dressing or truing wheels 194 are brought into acting position by manipulating the adjusting screws 214, 216. (see Figures,2, 3 and 9). The worm 64 is now -thrown into gear with the worm wheel 62 by manipulating the handle 96 (see for example Figures 6 and 7). Theu operator then moves the rocking frame 139 about its axis to bring the work 20 out of engagement with the grinding 'wheel 1.

The operator also inserts locking pin 44 'so that when the grinding wh`eel is-rotatedit will be fed axially relatively to the grinding wheels or discs 194. The motor 76 is now started, and as the movement of the rocking frame 139 has caused the sheaves` 222 to tighten the belts 220, the grindingpo'lnts w1ll be caused to rotate and correct the form of the helicoidal thread on the grinding wheel. Thus in a single machine I have provided means for both using and truing the abrasive helieoid and have produced a very complete and practical machine for the grinding of the teeth of gear''ivheels and the like.

Having thus described my invention what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: j l

l. -A grinding machine having a work spindle, a grinder spindle, means for rotating them continuously in timed relation, and a screw movable at all times in unison with the grinder spindle in an axial direction but angularly independent of said grinder spinde except when connected to it, means for adjusting at times the angular position of said screw to adjust the grinder spindle a predetermined amount in an axial 'direction to a new position, and means for connecting at other times the screw to the grinder spindle for causing the latter to travel axially.

2. A grinding machine having a work spindle, a grinder spindle, means for rotating said spindles continuously in timed relation, an adjusting screw separate from the grinder spindle and arranged longitudinally ot it and making end contact with it, means for'holding at times the adjusting screw in predetermined angular positions, and means for connecting at other times the screw to the grinder spindle for causing the latter to travel axially. j

3. A grinding machine having a work spindle, a grinder spindle arranged transversely to it, means for rotating said spindles in timed relation, an adjusting screw arranged longitudinally of the grinder spind.'.e and forming a stepv bearing for it, and means foi-connecting the grinder spindle to said screw for causing the two to rotate in unison for causing the lgrinder spindle to travel longitudinally.4

4. A grinding machine having a work spindle, a grinder spindle arranged transversely to it and arranged obliquely tothe horizon,;said grinder spindle having a step bearing at the lower endV and having a circumferential bearing-above the step bearing, an adjusting screw arranged longitudinally of the grinder spindle and forming a part of the step bearing, and means for disconnectably connecting the grinder spindle and the adjusting screw whereby the two may rotate independently 'at times and simultaneously at other times.

5. A grinding machine having a grinder spindle, a grinder having ahelicoidal abrasive thread, a work spindle, means for rotating said spindles in timed relation, a rockmg said work spindle and spindle, a power device,

. pin and the thereby angu "-"i'ng wheel, means nelly,

vided witha helicoidal abrasive thread, a

work spindle means for rotating said spindle in timed relation, a rocking frame pivoted on the main frame and supporting the work spindle, a vblock slidable on the main frame, an adjusting screw for controlling the position of the block, and connections between the block and controlling the position of the rocking frame about its pivot, and thereby controlling the distance of the work spindle from the center of the grinding wheel.

7. A machine for grinding involute gear teeth, having a rotatable, and longitudinally slidable work spindle, a power device, trans- -mission gears for driving said work spindle and at the same time permitting it to move longitudinally, one of said transmission ears being wide faced, a grinding wheel aving an abrasive helicoid, a grinder spindley for rotating said grinding wheel, means for rotating the two spindles in timed relation to the pitch of the helicoid and the pitch-of the gear and means for simultaneoully feeding the work spindle longitudina 8.yA grindingmachine having a rotatable and longitudinally slidable work spindle, a

ower device, transmission gears for drivat the same time permitting it to be fed longitudinally, a grinding wheel having an abrasive helicoid, afgrinder spindle for rotating said grind- Jfor rotating the two spindles in timed relation, means for simultaneously feeding the work spindle longitudiand means for angularly .adjusting the work spindle with reference to theA transmission gears. v

9. A grinding machine having a work transmission gearfrom the power ing for transmitting power device to the work spindle, said transmis-v sion gearing including an intermediate shaft having a pin'projecting therefrom, an intermediate inion having an obli ue slot through which the pin projects, an means for causing relative movement between the inion in an axial direction to arlyv adjust the pinion relative to the intermediate shaft.

'10. A grinding` machine having a work spindle, a power device, transmission gearthe rocking frame forA ing for transmitting power from the power device to the work spindle, said transmission gearing including an intermediate shaft having an oblique slot, an intermediate,.wide faced pinion cylindrically bored to it'over said shaft, said pinion having an oblique slot arranged at a different angle from the irst mentioned slot, a lunger slidable within the intermediate shait, a pin -secured to the plunger and projecting out through the two slots, and'means for controlling the position of the plunger fto thereby angularly. control the position of the pinion relatively to the intermediate shaft.

11. A grinding machine having a power device, a work spindle, a grinder spindle, an intermediate shaft, gear trains for driving said spindles, and a4 transmission adapted to connect and disconnect the intermediate shaft from the power device, said transmission including a worm wheel on the intermediate shaft, a worm driven by the power device and adapted to swing into and out of engagement with 'said worm wheel, and means for swinging the worm into and out of engagement with said worm wheel.

l2. A grinding machine having a grinding wheel, a grinder spindle, a truing wheel for dressing said grinding wheel at times, a sheave for rotating said truing wheel, a belt for driving said sheave, a work spindle, means for rotating said spindles in timed relation, a rocking frame wherein the work spindle is journaled, the movement of` the rocking frame about its axis moving the work spindle towards and from the grinder, and an idler sheave mounted on said rocking frame for tightening the belt and thereby causing the truing wheel to rotate when they work spindle moves away from the grinder spindle. 4

13. A grinding machine having a work spindle, a grinder spindle' arranged transvarsely to it, means for rotating said spindles in timed relation, a screw in axial alinement withsaid grinder spindle to serve the dual function o adjusting screw and lead screw, the grinder spindle having a step bearing upon said screw, and also a journal bearing thereon, a nut in which said screw works for causing longitudinal movement of said screw, means for holding said screw in various angular positions to obtain new locations, axially, of said grinder spindle,

and other means for coupling the work spindle to the screw for] causing them to rotate in unison and the screw, consequently, to function as a lead screw.

In-witness whereof, I have hereuntoA subscribed my name.

CARL G. OLSON.

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